Fear And Its Impact On Learning - 959 Words

Too many people think making mistakes and being successful in school don’t go together. It’s easy to see why. A student might not get very far talking to parents tonight by saying, â€Å"I made a lot of mistakes today in class, but my teacher said that making mistakes is actually a good thing.† Even if the student added that the teacher said students shouldn’t fear making mistakes, some parents may not agree. That’s why students and parents need to know more about fear and its impact on learning. If we don’t want fear of making mistakes to interfere with learning, we’ve got to know all about fear, how it works, and how to counsel students in regard to mistakes as part of and essential to learning. We need to know how the word â€Å"mistake† affects our students. As teachers, we need to be aware of how people think, feel, and react to the word â€Å"mistake.† Simply mentioning the word will not increase the confidence of many people. The feelings aroused in most people by making mistakes are not positive. Indeed, when we’re told that we’ve made a mistake, it doesn’t generate feelings of happiness, joy, pride, confidence, security, well-being, or success. Mistakes can make us feel unworthy, unimportant, and not very smart. It’s a fact: They can actually create both real and imaginary fear in people. And when it comes to successful learning, fear can become the biggest obstacle to our efforts to succeed. Fear of failure can generate strong student self-doubt and reluctance to take learningShow MoreRelatedAnxiety And Classroom Dynamics ( National Institute Of Mental Health1539 Words   |  7 Pagesand lack of confidence can affect a student. Anxiety doesn’t always impact a student’s learning capa city, though it may hinder the process of grasping new concepts. Many educators find themselves adjusting their teaching styles, to maximize their students’ learning capabilities. Professors understand the stress and anxiety that can stem from the classroom, due to their teaching styles not synthesizing with their student’s learning styles. Goals and Objectives Through online surveys sent to entireRead MoreProposal Defense Abused Children and Nurture Groups An Intervention1500 Words   |  6 Pagesconsidering parameters that have an impact on the effectiveness of this learning interface. In order to materialize the ideas hereby presented a deep investigation, with the required qualified professional support, must take place. Some of the disciplines that must be considered during the development of an educational/nurturing facility are listed as follows: Child psychology: The strong correlation between the many factors involved in creating a positive impact in order to modify emotional skillsRead MoreAnxiety And Its Affect On Academic Achievement Essay1268 Words   |  6 PagesAnxiety for a lot of people can make an experience a negative one. Anxiety can have negative impacts on a person s life and that means it can also have a negative effect in the classroom. Anxiety is often part of the learning process. Usually there is not much thought into how social anxiety plays a role in the learning process. Social anxiety can discourage students to engage in and prevent them from learning. What effects anxiety has on academic achievement are not always readily apparent but theyRead MoreEffective Communication, Reducing Fear Crime, And Crime Theory854 Words   |  4 PagesLearning about effective communication, reducing fear crime, and crime theories and crime opportunity has helped me to get a better understanding when dealing with crimes. Effective communication is important when telling a story, making and telling the story as simple as possible can lead to a better understanding. Making people feel safe is the police first priority, fear crime is considered as a just a feeling, but not everyone sees it that way. Crime opportunity is available any were at any timeRead MoreEvaluation Of A Public Health Campaign1658 Words   |  7 Pagescampaign implements several health communication theories that increase its effectiveness. The Campaign to End Obesity overall expresses a direct mes sage to promote change through the use of various communication channels and theories for greater impact and influence for reforms. The primary goal of the Campaign to End Obesity is to reverse this rampant epidemic and to actively confront obesity at a national level. The health campaign took off more than a year ago and since then has attempted toRead MoreClassical And Operant Conditioning Essay815 Words   |  4 PagesUsing examples of both classical and operant conditioning, discuss the contributions  and limitations of learning theory for the understanding of behaviour (Schacter et al., 2nd Ed, Chapter 6, also see Chapter 1 for historical context)      Learning theory can be summarized as behaviour which shows us how animals and people  respond to a stimulus. This is  incredibly  important  due to the direct impact it has on many features of daily life and how we implement this into our practices, from  the way  educationRead MoreThe Emotions Of The Brain Impacted By Emotions1337 Words   |  6 PagesStrong feelings of emotion, such as anger, love, fear, joy, hate, etc., impact parts of the brain, both positively and negatively, and how an individual learns. In regards to the parts of the brain impacted by emotions, the limbic system is made of six different parts. First, the almond-shaped amygdala, is located in the medial temporal lobe, handles intense emotional responses, such as aggression or fear, and is very important in emotional learning. Secondly, is the hippocampus. The hippocampusRead MoreMy Life At The Age Of 14839 Words   |  4 PagesAt the age of 14, I felt sad but not scared when my father was diagnosed with diabetes. After learning about diabetes and it’s complications in detail, I started to fear for my father – as Aristotle said â€Å"fear is pain arising from the anticipation of evil†. However the impact of this chronic disease and its complications on individuals and families is thought provoking. I feel words are not enough to thank my father’s physician for keeping his diabetes under control, saving him and my family fromRead MoreDefinition Of Behavior Modification : Obsessive Compuls ive Disorder ( Ocd ) Essay1336 Words   |  6 Pagesfor understanding the reasons of behavior or to determine why a person behaved as he or she did, modifying means developing and implementing procedures to help people change their own behavior, It involves altering environmental events so as to impacts behavior, behavior modification procedures are developed by professionals and used for change socially significant behaviors, with the goal of improving some aspect of a person’s life following are some characteristics that define believer modificationRead MoreThe Behavioral Theory Of Classical Conditioning And The Cognitive Theory1194 Words   |  5 PagesBoth are theories that have been well investigated to produce an outcome of effective learning. This study will examine the conditions of learning from both theories and ague their differences as well as their similarities. Evidence will be present on both sides to support this thesis claims on conditions, similarities and differences. This study will focus on the two theories assumptions, measurements of learning, and its implications to the field. Classical Conditioning and Social Cognitive

The Nazi Rise to Power Was Essentially Linked to the Great...

â€Å"The Nazi rise to power was essentially linked to the Great Depression† (Holtfriech). To what extent do you agree with this statement? After all the hard work put in by the Nazis over several years in order to access rise to power, President Hindenburg finally appointed Hitler as Chancellor of Germany on 30th January 1933. Many historians have argued about how this all came about, however one in particular, Holtfriech, believes their rise to power was all due to the Great Depression, which was a world-wide phenomenon. This particular aspect however makes it sound all too simple as there also many other factors which play a crucial role in the Nazis’ success. Without Hitler’s oratorical ability, the role of propaganda and the support of a†¦show more content†¦This can be seen as a factor which contributed to the Nazis’ success as he had outstanding speaking skills which had an immense effect on people. An example of this is from a source form E.A Buller, Darkness over Germany, 1943. Buller was anti-Nazi German teacher who left Germany and one would expect him to badmouth Hitler, however it was rather different. He mentioned that the workmen or lower-middle class types repeatedly shouted ‘he speaks for me, he speaks for me.’ He also stated that the manner in which he was speaking had many people lost in the world around them, probably unaware of what he was saying. Another man also said ‘Ach, Gott (Oh, God), he knows how I feel.’ Lastly, he also said that one man in particular struck him as he leant forward with his head in his hands, and with a sort of convulsive sob said, ‘Gott sei Dank (God be thanked), he understands.’ The reason why Hitler’s oratorical ability contributed to the Nazis’ success was because he promised easy solutions to difficult problems which the society needed. He talked as if he really listened to people, which was key to gain votes. The manner in which he spoke felt as he was talking directly to the person it applied to, not to the country as a whole. All these key aspects of his oratorica l ability show us he had a huge impact on people which led to his success along with the Nazis. Overall, I think this was a fairly important factor which played a role toShow MoreRelatedPutzier 1. Tessa Putzier. Ms. Jeanne Bitz . Language Arts.1293 Words   |  6 Pages Putzier 1 Tessa Putzier Ms. Jeanne Bitz Language Arts March 27, 2017 The Causes Of World War Two On June, 28 1919, the Treaty of Versailles was signed. This treaty coupled with other factors, such as the Nazis rise to power in Germany, Europe’s policy of appeasement, and Germany’s invasion of Poland would lead to - and be direct causes of - World War II. In fact, when French military commander Marshal Foch heard of the signing of the Treaty of Versailles, her observed withRead MoreHow Important Was the Role of Hitler in the Rise to Power of the Nazis1814 Words   |  8 PagesHow important was the role of the leader in the rise to power of the Nazis in Germany On the 30th January 1933 Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany. Hitler came to power as the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party, more commonly known as the Nazi Party. In the July election of 1932 the Nazis received the highest vote ever achieved by any party in Weimar History with 13.7 million votes. This is a crucial point in history as it was Hitler who led the world into World War II whichRead MoreThe Rise Of Nazism By John Maynard Keynes3444 Words   |  14 PagesFor many years the rise of Nazism has been put down to the idea of the Sonderweg, a ‘special path’ which would lead Germany through a change between both authoritarian and democratic rule. It is also believed that it led Germany to war and conquest - such as the need for Lebensraum which developed after Bismarck’s Unification of Germany and later during France’s invasion of the Ruhr in the early 20th Century. Moreover, the Sonderweg builds on the idea that National Socia lism was a continuation ofRead MoreThe Relation Between Stalin And Hitler1437 Words   |  6 Pagesquantity of dictators left their impression on the world as we know it today, each having gained notoriety as a result of their rapid rise to power and their infamous dynamisms which made them who they are known to be. The two most notable â€Å"leaders† in history who express such qualities are Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union, and Adolf Hitler from the German Nazi regime, and these two men, different as they were, displayed symmetric roles throughout their times in control. The relation betweenRead MoreGreat Depression7197 Words   |  29 PagesGreat Depression From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia {draw:frame} Dorothea Langes Migrant Mother depicts destitute pea pickers in California, centering on Florence Owens Thompson, age 32, a mother of seven children, in Nipomo, California, March 1936. The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression) in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930sRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesnineteenth century, which was ushered in by the industrial and political revolutions of the late 1700s. But at the same time, without serious attention to the processes and misguided policies that led to decades of agrarian and industrial depression from the late 1860s to the 1890s, as well as the social tensions and political rivalries that generated and were in turn fed by imperialist expansionism, one cannot begin to comprehend the causes and consequences of the Great War that began in 1914.Read MoreThe Origin, Development and Significance of Human Rights10255 Words   |  42 Pageswhich fell into disfavour in part because the concept of natural law (to which it was intimately linked) had become a matter of great controversy; and it replaced as well the later phrase the rights of Man, which was not universally understood to include the rights of women. ORIGINS IN ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME Most students of human rights trace the origins of the concept to ancient Greece and Rome, where it was closely tied to the doctrines of the Stoics, who held that human conduct should beRead MoreEssay about Phd Comprehensive Exam. in Leadership15004 Words   |  61 Pageseffectiveness of each as a valid method of research on models of military leadership. Introduction The sociological effects discussed by Kuhn (1996) as to the institutionalization of knowledge paradigms, may account for the fact there is a great deal of concurrence as to the nature of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. There seems to be almost universal agreement as to the epistemological and theoretical roots of each methodology. There is however, substantial disagreementRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 Pages1929 * the jazz age * a speakeasyyyyyyy How significant were the Republican policies in causing the great depression? The significance of the republic policies were great, they brought a lot of growth in the 20’s allowing the market to strive over lots of trading and the purchase of shares, but was also an unstable market, as the government had no control over what it did and was left up to the private sector almost to run the market. Entry of the United States world war 1 Non-Intervention Read MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 Pages........................................... 31 Lord of the Flies, by William Golding (Murderous schoolboys stranded on an island!) ......................... 33 The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald (The famous American novel) ................................................ 35 Historical Events: The American Great Depression (1929-1930s) ........................................................................................ 37 World War I (1914-1918) ....................................

City Living and Social Interaction Free Essays

City Living and Social Interaction How much are we affected by the environment we live in? Based on the ideas on Georg Simmel the way we think and comprehend the things around as can all be effected by the region we live it. â€Å"The Metropolis and Mental Life† by Georg Simmel is a essay stating how each individuals are effected by where they are positioned in our society. He explains the difference in the lifestyles of people living in urban cities compared to people living in rural cities. We will write a custom essay sample on City Living and Social Interaction or any similar topic only for you Order Now Georg Simmel believes that by living in a urban city we are forced to play a supporting role to the many things going on around us. Because of the busyness of the city we are dominated by the objectivism and we forget subjectivism. Simmel believes that as humans live in urban cities that are forced to only pay attention to the things that are essential to our lives. For example in a rural region one may stop and communicate to the people through out the area, but in a urban city you do not have time to communicate with everyone. Over time we start to view these people who we do not acknowledge less and less until they are seen as objects. Man’s nature, originally good and common to all, should develop unhampered. In addition to more liberty, the nineteenth century demanded the functional specialization of man and his work; this specialization makes one individual incomparable to another, and each of them indispensable to the highest possible extent. † (Georg Simmel, pg 392) â€Å"The Metropolis and Mental Life† states that by living in a city our mind begins to act intellectual, not emotional. This causes us to only focus on the thinks that that important to get through our own life and we lose value in the little things. Simmel describes this as â€Å"blase† means that we become uninterested and unconcerned by the things around us because of over exposure. Simmel believes that although urban life can cause us to unappreciative the smaller element of our lives. Although rural life may allow you to value the smaller details in life,Urban life allows us to have more freedom and to understand ourselves. Simmel’s ideas can play a factor at both a global and a local level it can be the different between if you thank the bus driver or play apart in much bigger global issues. An example of Simmels theory on our society is the way e all grow up. As kids we have very little to worry about and because of this our interactions with others occur frequently. We are friendly and socialize lots with our peers. As we grow older we have more to worry about. We become more absorbed in our own lives and pay less attention to the people and things going on around us. This is the same thing that happen in ur ban cities compared to rural environments. In an urban city we barely communicate with anyone who not directly connected to ourselves, but in rural environments are are constantly chatting and talking to the people around us. This is why it is more common for people in rural cities to know their neighbors where in urban cities neighbor connections are more rare. Overall urban life causes individuals to pay less attention to what is going on around then as they are absorbed in managing their time and money. Works Cited Simmel, Georg. â€Å"The Metropolis and Mental Life. † Seeing Ourselves: Classic, Contemporary, and Cross-cultural Readings in Sociology. By John J. Macionis and Nijole V. Benokraitis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1998. 392-97. Print. How to cite City Living and Social Interaction, Essay examples

Davos Declaration on Climate Change free essay sample

FREDERICK PAPPOE| CTH STUDENT NUMBER: 21565| | SUBJECT: SUSTAINABLE TOURISM AND DESTINATION MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT| INTRODUCTION Climate change has being a major concern and challenge for many countries across the globe, especially for the developing countries. The tourism industry is a major contributor to the emission of GHG, and all nations and economic sectors will have to contend with the challenges of climate change, through adaptation and mitigation. Green House Gas (GHG) emissions, derived especially from the transportation and accommodations of the tourist. The aircraft which burns fossil fuel, the coaches, cars, machineries all emits carbon dioxide (co2) and carbon monoxide into the atmosphere. All these transportation means contribute intensively to climate. Some studies have shown that air transport emits 2-3% of the GHG. Transport by air, road and rail is continuously increasing in response to the rising number of international tourist. Carbon dioxide and monoxides from tourist transports has contributed to severe local air pollution, some of these impacts are quite specific to tourist activities, for example, some tour buses carrying tourist in some destinations often leave their motors running for hours while the tourists go out for an excursion, because they want to return to a comfortably air-conditioned bus, all these contributes to the climate change. We will write a custom essay sample on Davos Declaration on Climate Change or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also the accommodation sector such as the hotels, inns, and so many more has also contributed squarely to the GHG emissions, through the use energy from heating to cooling etc. Even though most hotels are helping to conserve power and energy, some hotel guest will rather prefer to ignore all these sustainable energy practises such as opening the windows whiles the air-conditioning is working. Even though most hotels have standby generators, it is still not suitable for the environment because it is powered by fossil fuel, which emits harmful gases. This essay is going to look at how France cuts down energy use and adopts the actions of the Davos declaration. CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE DAVOS DECLARATION Climate is the average weather condition of a place over a particular or long period of time. The tourism industry and destinations are clearly sensitive to climate variability and change. Climate defines the length and quality of tourism seasons and plays a major role in destination choice and tourist spending. The tourism industry relies extensively on the climate of a destination to promote tourism in that destination, for example in some cold countries like Switzerland and Ukraine; tourist depends on the snow for their ski holiday. But several tourism activities affect the climate from tourist transportations to accommodation, making tourism a major contributor to climate change through its GHG emissions. Even though tourism is a major contribution to climate change, it can also play a significant role in addressing climate change, if all innovations and resources are fully mobilize and oriented towards this goal, thus the coming together of The United Nation World Tourism Organization(UNWTO), jointly with the United Nation Environmental Program (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) with the help of the World Economic Forum(WEF) and the Swiss government organized the second international conference on climate change and tourism in Davos, Switzerland from 1st to 3rd October 2007, the conference agreed on several reasons to help respond to climate change and reduce the GHG emissions if the tourism is to develop in a sustainable way BACKGROUND OF COUNTRY The essays looks at France and how it is adopting the actions of Davos declaration, located in Western Europe, and it is also the largest country in Western Europe. France has over 60 million tourist visits each year, making the country one of the largest tourist destination in the world if not number one. Many people or tourist visits France for its exceptional cuisines and famous chefs, also for its high sense of fashion and designer garments, cobblestoned streets, cuisines, beautiful sceneries, cycling sports, history and culture, above all the breath-taking architecture, it is a perfect holiday paradise for most tourists who are found of good food, wine and music. Paris the capital of France offers attractions such the Louvre museum and also beautiful art works along the seine river, this makes France the most popular country in terms of tourist arrival, according to the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) HOW FRANCE IS MITIGATING THE GHG EMISSION FROM THE TOURISM SECTOR, ESPECIALLY FROM TRANSPORTATION AND ACCOMODATION ACTIVITIES The UN defines mitigation concerning climate change as a human intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of GHG, France as a nation and tourist destination, is largely concern and taking actions to reduce its GHG emissions from transportation and accommodations, France being a member of the Kyoto protocol, Transportation In February 2009, the French government launched the fourth PREDIT programme. This program with a budget of approximately 400 million euro will run from 2009-12. This program is helping to finance projects that reduce Co2 emissions, improve data on pollution and in long term coordinate research into energy efficient, low or zero carbon dioxide emitting vehicles particularly trucks. France transportation system is mostly made up of all the major modes of transport, air, road, rail and water transports, but mostly, air and road transport contributes very much to climate change. France as a major tourist destination in the world has increase the use of comfortable public transportation system, linking the capital to other part of the country. This method helps to reduce vehicle ownership per individual, and this helps to decrease GHG emissions per vehicle. The use of renewable energy, increase use of bio-fuels such as diesel and the newly invented ethanol fuel in major cities in France helps to reduce transport CO2 emissions Also the use of electric transportation, such as the re-introduction of the tram which operates in Marseille, Lille, Saint Etienne and other cities in France uses electricity, an example of this type of transport is the Eurotram in Strasbourg. Effective urban planning in Paris, Nice, and other cities in France helps to reduce sprawl, which decreases Vehicle Miles Travelled (VMT) lowering emissions from transports. Also the introduction of the carbon task for the 2010 national budget, under which France will bill â‚ ¬17 for every metric ton of CO2, emitted, Speed limiting is another method used by almost all European countries including France to reduce CO2 emissions. Accommodation The introduction of the financial law in 2009 by the French government ontains various provisions to increase financing for energy ef ficiency investments. Example of such is the creation of the eco-loan for energy efficient renovations which provides a zero interest loan programme for major renovation activities and building activities, the aim is for energy savings to allow repayment of the loans capital, activities that can be covered under the loan includes; thermal insulation for roofs, exterior walls, also the installation of heating or hot water systems using renewable energy. The loan is limited to about 30. 000 euro. Most major hotels in France employed solar energy and wind power to assist in power generation. During winter when the sunshine is less, for powering the solar panels, heat pump powered by electricity is used to provide heating. Hotel les Orangeries, Auberge les liards and other hotels in France use the solar panel to power the kitchen and rooms; also the original building of the hotel has been renovated with hemp insulation, lime and natural paint, to help cool the rooms. Also the efficient use of energy efficient light bulbs in the hotels helps to reduce the use of energy in the hotels. Also most hotels in France, provide thick draw curtains to keep the heat in the rooms during colder months and on hot days, draw curtains to keep the heat out, this helps to reduce the use of the air-condition, to reduce energy. Most hotels also switch off appliances in unused or unoccupied rooms to conserve energy. Also effective urban planning with attractive side walks, make walking and cycling more attractive, an the concentration of hotels within walking distance of town centres, shopping malls, attractions, makes walking very exciting thereby reducing the use of vehicles which emits gases. ADAPTATION OF TOURISM BUSINESSES AND DESTINATIONS TO CHANGING CLIMATE CONDITIONS The tourism industry is highly sensitive to climate variability and change; climate is the fundamental of tourist travel, because it affects several major environmental resources that are critical attractions for tourism, e. g. now conditions, water levels and quality etc, climate can also deter a tourist from visiting a particular destination. Regardless of all these greenhouse gas emission reduction efforts, there is also the need for every tourism business and destinations society to adapt to the changes in climates that can not avoid ed, this will help to reduce any unnecessary risk, and also to take advantages of new opportunities in all manner of sustainability. The French mountains are leader in term of winter sports; people from all countries come to the French Alps to ski, ski operators in France as a necessity, employ technological adaptations to climate change by artificial snow making to maintain good snow efficiency and also the creation of indoor skiing domes. In order to increase revenue, many winter resorts propose new activities that are not necessarily linked to snow; examples include spas, indoor sports because not everyone who visits a ski resort ski or occasionally, Most tour operators or companies in France adapts to changing climate by employing the product and market diversification strategy and advertising new and exciting places in order to create a balance in the travel pattern, they also prefer using public transports to take tourist on tour around the country than the company’s vehicles. The tourism industry also provides public education campaigns to educate the public on climate change, and also green house emission offset programs. Most tourism businesses such as hotels, travel and tour agencies, airlines etc in France have insurance covers, emergency plans and so many more in case of any unforeseen event. Hotels also educate their staffs on best sustainable practises The French government also provide an accurate and effective weather forecasting and early warning systems, to help predict and address any unforeseen event. Also the government creates of management plans, to address climate change. France is implementing pro active measures than reactive measures, by integrating the tourism sector into other government polices, for example disaster management, or land use planning, environmental impact assessments. APPLYING EXISTING AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES TO IMPROVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY Improving energy efficiency through technology is another mechanism to reduce energy demand and also reduce the emissions of aviation as well. Investing in green technology today can provide economic and environmental benefit in the future. The use of renewable energy, including wind, solar thermal, geothermal, biomass and so many more can help to improve energy. In term of architecture, most buildings and hotels in France are constructed using passive solar design or uses solar panel, example is the Orri de Planes hotel, also Les Cygnes Holiday Home in France introduce the carbon neutralisation mechanism to generate energy. Insulation is also another form of improving energy efficiency in building. In France fibreglass or laine de verre, hemp or chanvre panel and also some other materials are sandwiched between the building walls which keeps the house or room cool during the summer and as well as warm during winter, due to their ability to transfer and retain heat. The introduction of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and electric rail transports in Paris-Lyon and other cities in France has improve energy efficiency and also proven to reduce GHG emissions. Also the increase use of bio-fuel e. g. ethanol fuel and bio diesel will improve energy efficiency if produced environmentally friendly manner. In France the city of Lille turns biomass into enough methane gas to power about a third of its buses. Plans are also underway to introduce new technologies such as hydrogen fuel for cars to reduce consumptions of petroleum and emission of CO2. HOW FRANCE SECURES FINANCIAL RESOURCES TO ASSIST REGIONS AND COUNTRIES IN NEED. France, like many other developed countries is helping in assisting regions and destinations to fight climate change, many of these destinations are developing countries in need. A typical example of many of such destination is Nigeria, and France is assisting Nigeria in mitigating the effects of climate change on the environment. The introduction of the Robin Hood Tax also known as Financial Transaction Tax which is a tiny tax (0. 05%) that would be levied on all financial market transactions in order to raise funds for fighting poverty and climate change at home and abroad. It could levy transactions involving stocks, bonds, foreign exchange and derivatives including trade of futures options related to stock, interest rate securities, currencies and commodities. The tax is limited to transactions between financial markets actors, ordinary consumer transactions such as payment for goods, pay checks and cross border remittances are not included. According to a school of thoughts, this global transaction tax of 0. 5% could yield around $650 billion a year, even after a drastic reduction of market activities as a result of the tax. These revenues will help fill the shortfall for achieving the millennium development goals and also supporting developing countries in their quest to adapt to climate change and build ing a green economy. CONCLUSION The tourism industry must also play a significant role in addressing this climate changes as part of the major commitment to sustainable tourism process and the attainment of United Nations Millennium Development Goals, by reducing GHG emissions. This essay has shown that there will be many cost associated with climate adaptation, regardless of the success to mitigate GHG emissions by the international community. The essay has shown where France has reached in terms of battling climate change and how it is adopting the actions of the declaration, by adapting, mitigating and employing new technology to assist in reducing the effect of the climate change, and also securing financial resources to fund other regions and countries in need. REFERENCES Change: understanding, anticipation, adapting, participating in the common effort. (Online) http:// www. un. org Energy efficiency policies (online) viewed 28 May 2011 www. iea. org/textbase/pm/? mode=pmid=4298action=detail Gonzales, R, (February 18, 2011) Mitigation and Adaptation of climate change, viewed 23 May 2011, http://www. llvoices. com/contrubuted-news/8228847-mitigation-and-adaptation-of-climate-change. Gossling. S. Hall, C. M. (2006) an introduction to tourism and global environmental change, London, Routledge Predit (May 20, 2011) Experimentation and innovation in land transportation, viewed 28 may 2011, http://www. predit. prd. fr/predi t4/english. html Robin Hood Tax http://www. robinhoodtax. ca/howitworks viewed 27 May 2011 Scott, D. (2006). Climate change and sustainable tourism in the 21st century. In:J. Cukier (Ed), tourism Research: Policy, planning, and prospects United Nations World Tourism Organisation (2007). Tourism Development and Climate

John Gray Fast Capitalism and the End of Management

Introduction Grey argues that studying organizations encompasses factors such as society, economics, politics and history. He also argues that these factors are rarely incorporated in organizational studies. Moreover, he argues that the study of organizations is a technical matter. Grey believes that modern business trends have emphasized on maximizing shareholder value.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on John Gray: Fast Capitalism and the End of Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Companies have focused on financial engineering. Additionally, companies exploit cheap labor from offshore countries to maximize on returns. This paper will explore Grey’s case on fast capital and its relation to end of management. It will also explore its effect on organization as well as managers (Grey, 2013, p. 105). Grey’s argument about ‘Fast Capitalism and the End of Management’ According to Grey, fast capitalism achieved social connections which have been disjointed by new capitalism. In essence, capitalism practiced within the first five decades after the great depression and World War II ensured that there was connection between consumption and production. Additionally, there was connection between communities and places. Moreover, organizations followed their bureaucratic systems. Management was strengthened and business structures were followed effectively. However, in new capitalism, bureaucratic systems have been squashed. Companies reward top managers for increase in shareholder values. However, middle level managers face serious management issues. Middle level managers have little authority in contemporary companies; they can be sacked at will. In essence, fast capitalism has led to deterioration of management values. Consequently, even though management structures are in place, organizations do not follow their bureaucratic systems (Grey, 2013, p. 120). Nonetheless, this is not to say that management has ended. However, their structures and ways of dealing have been altered significantly. In this regard, the results of fast capitalism are unsustainable with regards to available resources. For instance, when middle level managers are sacked, they are faced with numerous problems including poverty. In this regard, fast capitalism rewards the few people at the top while those in lower ends are exploited. This cannot be sustained for long. Fast capitalism is hence deemed for an unpredictable future. Additionally, Natural climate and resources cannot sustain fast capitalism. In essence, grey asserts that fast capitalism has greatly affected organizational systems for management (Grey, 2013, p. 114).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Its effects on organizations and managers Fast capitalism has brought about use of unsustainable economic pract ices. These include exploitation of weak financial systems in poor countries, greed by top management officials, deregulation, and emphasis on maximizing shareholder value among others. Organizations, therefore, focus on financial returns rather than structures. In addition, corporate structures are focused on financialization. Therefore, organizations are significantly transformed to focus on the tenets of fast capitalism. This has resulted in weak organizational structures which cannot sustain best economic practices. In addition, organizations have turned into agencies for exploitation as seen in offshore outsourcing (Grey, 2013, p. 125). Additionally, managers have found it difficult to stamp their authority in an increasingly challenging business environment. Of great concern are middle level managers whose tenure is increasingly at risk due to fast capitalism. In contrast, top managers have increased command in management of companies. Moreover, their rewards are extremely hig h when compared to middle level managers. The roles of managers are however at the mercy of stakeholders who may have little knowledge on financial practices (Gray, 2009, p. 52). Conclusion Fast capitalism has transformed business structures throughout the world. Multinational companies have focused solely on maximizing shareholder value. This has come with its repercussions. Global economy has led to exploitation of poor countries. Moreover, Grey faults fast capitalism for the overwhelming transformation of organizations and their financial structures. He argues that fast capitalism is unsustainable on scarce natural resources and climate. He uses many evidences such as Enron scandal, among others. Essentially, he argues that financialization of corporate culture has triggered a slow end to management. Reference List Gray, J 2009, False Dawn: The Delusions of Global Capitalism, Granta Books, London. Grey, C 2013, A Very Short, Fairly Interesting and Reasonably Cheap Book About Stud ying Organizations: The new capitalism and the Strange Fates of Management, Sage Publishers, London.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on John Gray: Fast Capitalism and the End of Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on John Gray: Fast Capitalism and the End of Management was written and submitted by user Eileen Obrien to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Womens Gender and Sexuality Studies Cross-Cultural Issues Essay Example

Womens Gender and Sexuality Studies Cross Womens Gender and Sexuality Studies Cross-Cultural Issues Essay Womens Gender and Sexuality Studies Cross-Cultural Issues Essay The focus of looking at women cross culturally should be on the commonalities across cultures (104). And from there, we can build a global base of what basic human rights women have. As with any global civil rights issue, there are numerous cultural aspects that are blurred between being morally acceptable and culturally established. An example of one of these issues is the allowance of female circumcision. In many countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, female rescission is widely practiced on young pre-pubescent girls. But one of the basic human rights feminists around the world are fighting for is the right for women to have complete power over their bodies. Another cultural norm, right here in the United States, that goes against womens basic human rights are the degrading labels society puts on women who are not modest or are sexually exploration. Again, feminists fight for the right to have power over their bodies. Therefore, the actions and decisions women make with their bodies should not be as harshly judged. Men do not get negatively Judged for having multiple sex partners, because that is Just what men do. But the traditional sexual relationship between two people, which a large portion of this nation is still fighting to limit people to, involves both a man and a woman. Yet, in the situation of someone having multiple sex partners, the attitude towards men is that guys will be guys. So why is the women in the same situation viewed as a slut? These Judgments are mentally harmful to women Just at female circumcision is physically harmful. Both serve the same purpose: to control women. These two examples could be argued as strictly cultural and therefore invalid when it comes to womens rights. Society may argue that these practices and stigmas have been in effect over several generations and are unmemorable from the culture. And going along with ethnocentrism in mind, how far can societies over-step their limits? Female circumcision could be argued as beneficial to women so they are more attractive to men while stigmas against women could be argued as protecting women from getting raped or assaulted. Yet it does not excuse the fact that women are still being damaged. When to allow ethnocentrism to affect activism is a difficult morality call to make. But I do believe there are cases, like female circumcision, when it is necessary to have a foreign intervention. Female circumcision is not a temporary and superficial problem in other countries, it is a permanent, painful and evasive non-medicinal operation. Sofia Robinson Essay Question II International human rights principals are biased against women (106). This is because women are protected by the law in the public sphere but what happens behind closed doors is ignored. The first generation rights are directed toward retention of men within public life and completely disregard women (106). These rights are not beneficial to women because the majority of violence against women happens in the private sphere. The explicitly and implicitly held view that the government should not interfere with the private sphere allows for the deliberate neglect of violence against women (107). There are risks that women constantly encounter throughout their entire lives that governments have done little to prevent. From conception to old age, womanhood is full of risks such as abortion, infanticide, sees access to health care, battery, and rape (107). The second generation rights are supposed to be centered around economic, social, and cultural rights (108). But in actuality, there is not much to legally protect since the economic and social power resides with men. Cultural and religious rights are also counterproductive when promoting womens rights because they creat e a sphere protected from legal regulation (108). Within that sphere are many cultural practices and attitudes that are debasing and harmful to women. And even though the fight for womens rights is tot a modern concept, the oppression and subordination in the private sphere continues to cultivate and get passed down from generation to generation. Sofia Essay Question IV Even though the government claims to work primarily in the public sphere, it still directly and indirectly interferes with marriage and family in the private sphere. Society and the government have worked hand-in-hand to create the image of what every family should be like: the nuclear family. The assumptions based off of this model promote American families to be patriarchal with every member having a role. Women are forever legally dependent on men from the time they are born. Babies take the last name and citizenship of the father, not the mother. During childhood, in many countries, there is some form of dowers that is saved for when the daughter is of marrying age. This could range from a monetary agreement to the tradition of the brides family paying for the wedding. Even when a girl becomes a woman and decides to get married, the couple has to get a marriage license and possibly a prenuptial agreement. During marriage, the woman traditionally takes the mans

Strategic Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Strategic Plan - Essay Example In line with the company’s vision which is to be continually recognized as the innovative manufacturer of highly engineered electronic sensors through innovative research and development that would revolutionize the electronic sensor industry through its more productive, highly accessible and affordable products consistent with standards of excellence and social responsibility, the Electronic Sensor Manufacturing Company, has identified the following internal capabilities, as well as opportunities and threats in the external environment, eight years from now: Company facilities were improved concurrent with advancement in technology in the areas of machine shop, surface mount, testing, and processing using state of the art engineering equipment and facilities. Abiding by ethical standards continue to pay off in terms of better financial performance with employees exhibiting higher performance and productivity due to an environment of trust, employees are therefore more loyal c ontributing to low turnover, and a preponderance for higher investor loyalty, among others. Reliance on long term debts to fund research and development, as well as state of the art equipment and facilities could prove to have potential drawbacks in terms of the financial turmoil in the global

Analyse and discuss concepts of European identity Essay

Analyse and discuss concepts of European identity - Essay Example Considering as a dependent variable, identity is repeatedly used to study the creation of racial or territorial identities. It is argued that Central Europeans formed a separate identity that was mainly defined in opposition to Russia and likeness to Western Europe. As an independent variable the study of identity uses to explain some facts of greater concern, for instance the nature of political rivalry. After the World War II those who wished of a united Europe were searching ways to uphold a strong sense of European identity. Even though, thoughts on a European identity conceptualized ten years earlier to the World War II the political, social, and economic disorders linked with World War II, basically changed the European order. Hence it became necessary to assume of Europe in different ways. The formation of the European Coal and Steel Community, and the European Economic Community (EEC), were the outcome of those views (Williams, 1987). As the hurdles to trade within the EEC began to drop in 1960s, that resulted in the start of discussion of a sprouting United States of Europe. This was not only just a formal economic entity but it was presumed as a possible hub of identity for its inhabitants. The discussion over the nature and significance of European identity goes deep into many of the critical matters facing Europe today (Deflem and Pampel,1996; Delanty, 1995; Hodgson, 1993). Making the debate difficult are the suppositions that are made about the very nature of identity itself. These assumptions are the creation of political-territorial growth over the past centuries that have cast the state in the role of architect and symbol of international society (Murphy, 1996; Taylor, 1994). Hence, the concepts of nation and state became conflated and national identities to be considered as if they were the major matter of investigation in learning’s of

Understanding of Chinese Paintings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Understanding of Chinese Paintings - Essay Example The essay "Understanding of Chinese Paintings" examines he ways that written texts such as poems, inscriptions, or theoretical writings can change our understanding of Chinese paintings. The great monumental landscape Autumn Mountains at Dusk, attributed to Guan Tong, was one such an example. This work was a visual representation on one of the famous Tang poets Li Bai's poem The Road to Shu is Hard. Paintings and written texts are used together to give more meaning and interpretation to the paintings, which could otherwise be interpreted. While considering the poem above, poetry could be considered as a vocal painting while painting could be considered as visual poetry. Viewers could feel about the winding and steepness of the road to Shu. From the poem, readers could get more information. The hard road to Shu is a metaphoric representation of the hardness of engaging in politics and the turbulence faced by the Empire. These indications could not easily be noticed by just looking at the painting. Some paintings were created to take record of important events. For this kind of paintings, there usually were inscription beside to indicate the event. For example, Cranes of Good Omen attributed to Emperor Huizong. This was a handscroll of both painting and inscription on it. This was an event of 20 cranes appeared in the sky. Even two of them standing on the top of the building. Huizong recorded this kind of miracle day by himself using both inscription and painting. Readers could get the information.

Dangers Of Tasers Misuse By Law Enforcement Officers Criminology Essay

Dangers Of Tasers Misuse By Law Enforcement Officers Criminology Essay This paper discusses the dangers and punishment of police officers who have misused the taser. The taser was created to be a less than lethal weapon to help police officers keep a safe distance between themselves and the person they are trying to subdue, and keep serious injury from occurring. However there are several situations where the officers have used this weapon on children, elderly, and handicapped person who did not show aggressive behavior toward them. These weapons were used to punish. The purpose of this paper is to explore the misuse, and address training of the officers to prevent this misuse of the taser. The Dangers of Tasers Misuse by Law Enforcement Officers in the Line of Duty This paper addresses the dangers when a police officer misuses the taser, which is a defense weapon. Tasers were developed as a new alternative to deadly force for law enforcement officers, corrections officers, and jailers to help protect themselves, the suspects, inmates, and civilians. Many law enforcement personnel and suspects have been injured in the past because of the close proximity of the officer and the person they were detaining. Less-than- lethal weapons were developed to help in decreasing injuries. Since less-than-lethal weapons have been introduced as an alternative to deadly force, police officers have discovered that these weapons were not only effective for detaining suspects, but it could be used for getting someones attention, or could be used as a way of getting the person to do as instructed. However, some law enforcement officers use their less-thanlethal weapons on children, the elderly, and the handicapped. There is still a chance of the person being injured if the officer is careless with the use of the non-lethal weapons and the risk of injury can be potently high. The taser is a type of weapon that is similar in appearance to a conventional firearm, because the body has the same shape as a conventional firearm. Instead of firing bullets, the taser fires two electrodes attached to an energy source designed to incapacitate a person. Examples of the misuse by police officers would be using the taser against someone who is non-threatening or who is already handcuffed. The purpose of this manuscript is to examine the recommendations set forth by the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) and Police Executive Research Forum (PERF) for the law enforcement use of tasers. When do law enforcement officers, correction officers, and jailers misuse their non-lethal weapons (Tasers) on a civilian, prisoner, or suspect without justification for taser use? If the person is not showing a threat to the officer at that time, should the officer be punished? If the answer is yes, do the organizations in which the officers are employed have a disciplinarian plan in place to deal with the officer in question, what options do these organizations have, and are the punishments just and fair not only for the officer, but for the victim as well? Literature Review When law enforcement officers, correction officers, and jailers misuse their non-lethal weapons than an investigation must be done. Cameras can be a solution for the misuse of a taser by a police officer. This would help determine whether an investigation should be considered (Anonymous, 2009; Farrell 2009). MacDonald,Kaminski,andSmith (2009) reported that incidents of use of force by police officers account for less than 2% of the estimated total of police and civilian contacts (official interaction between any person and an officer), the prevalence of injury to civilians and officers in these situations is high (2 out of 8). Police departments in the United States are increasingly providing officers with less-lethal weapons to control suspects who physically resist arrest. Lee,Vittinghoff,Whiteman,Park,Lau,andTseng, (2009) discuss that police officers consider the taser a safer alternative to firearms. Taser deployment was associated with substantial increase in in-custody sudden death in the early deployment period, with no decrease in firearms deaths. Delong and Thompson, (2009) discuss that many police agencies have set up their own rules and procedure regarding the deployment of the non lethal weapons and the circumstances in which the weapons were deployed. The characteristics of the suspects at the time of deployment, and to dismal the difference between the media and the police in the use of the taser on a suspect. Discussion Less-Than-Lethal weapons Some of the less-than- lethal weapons used by today police officers are the oleoresin capsicum spray (pepper spray), conductive energy devices (tasers), and blunt impact devices (night sticks). These alternative devices help the officer from making physical contact with the person and limit the injury fact of the officer and the suspect. The night stick was the first less-than- lethal weapon that police had to subdue a suspect with out resorting to deadly force; however a suspect could be seriously injured by this weapon. The officers were trained and the nightstick was redesigned with a second handle that protruded from the side of the weapon so it could be used as a grappling weapon as well as a striking weapon. The police officer still had to be in close contact with the person for the nightstick to be effective. Injuries would occur not only to the suspect, but also to the officer. Oleoresin capsicum spray (pepper spray), conductive energy devices (tasers) were the next advancement to be developed for the police officer. Pepper spray is an agent to cause suspects eyes to water uncontrollable that causes the suspect to stop, it also burns the eyes and throat. The taser was also developed to help the officer to keep a distance between themselves and dangerous situations. There have been many other situations in which police officers were able to protect themselves from injury. The situations in which a police officer would use his or her taser in an altercation; escape attempt, restraining of the suspect, or when a suspect is showing paranoid and irrational behavior and threat of injury to the suspect or officer are clear. The locations where some officers have used their tasers are while the suspect is in police custody, at the scene of the arrest, or after being handcuffed. Some people who have been tasered have had an underlying health conditions (heart problems, mental illness, or drug use). More than 70 people have died in the United States and Canada after being struck with a taser. There have been 152 cases and 23 of these cases have resulted in death and the taser was the contributory factor (Adams Jennison,2007). Cases of Taser Misuse A Nevada legislator proposed a bill to require cameras to be mounted to the taser to limit the use of the taser. The Federal Court of Appeals panel made a ruling that a California police officer was not immune from civil litigation when officer Brain McPherson fired his taser at a motorist after a 2005 traffic stop (Anonymous, 2009; Farrell 2009). Law enforcement agencies in the United States stress that built in safe guards (such as chips that record the time and date of each time the taser are fired) are necessary to minimize the potential abuse. These safe guards do not go far enough to prevent officers from abusing their tasers. According to Amnesty International (2004b), there have been reports of inappropriate or abusive use of tasers in various jurisdiction, sometimes involving repeated cycles of electro-shocks on suspects. The evidence suggest that police officers are not using their tasers as a way to avoid using lethal force, but they are using the taser as a routine force to subdue non- complaint individuals who are not posing a threat. In some departments the officers use the taser as a prevalent force tool. Tasers have been used on unruly schoolchildren, unarmed mentally disturbed or intoxicated subjects, and those who were fleeing a minor crime scene. Also, reported victims of police tasering were people who do not follow the police office commands immediately. For example, 12-year old was tasered after fighting with another student on a school bus, and a 14-year old Florida girl and there of her class mates were taser because of fighting (Amnesty International 2004). It seems that todays police officer has converted to the old west mentally of shooting first and asking questions after the fact. This will be shown in this next case of a 40 year old man named Gregory Williams who is a double-leg amputee. According to Patton (2009), Mr. Williams and his wife were having a verbal argument and the police were called. When the police officers arrived at the Williams apartment, the officers separated the couple. One officer talked to Mrs. Williams and the other talked to Mr. Williams who at the time was holding his two year daughter in his lap. Officer Pinnegar informed Mr. Williams that he was under arrest for striking his wife, then Officer Pinnegar tasered him in the ribs. Mr. Williams was then pulled back into his wheelchair by the officer very hard, and was tasered a second time. Williams fell out of his chair and his shorts fell off his body; he was handcuff and left on the sidewalk with his genitals exposed for about ten minutes. The next abusive use of tasers was against a Louisiana man what was wanted by police for cocaine charges. This case will show the excessive use of a taser on a suspect; however this suspect was already in handcuffs. The Winnfield police had an arrest warrant for Baron Scooter Pikes and were going to arrest him, however the arrest was completed when Officer Nugent became over zealous with the use of his taser, and Mr. Pikes, who did not get to his feet quick enough for the officer. Griffin Fitzpatrick (2008) reported than the Louisiana State Police officer tasered 21 year old Baron Scooter Pikes nine times after Mr. Pikes was on the ground and handcuffed. The suspect had stopped twitching after seven jolts of 50,000 volts. Soon after, Pikes was dead. Dr. Randolph Williams, the Winn Parish coroner, ruled Pikes death as a homicide in June after an extensive study. Safeguards Against Misuse of Tasers Law enforcement agencies all over America, Canada, and other countries are adopting tasers as their less than lethal weapon of choose. This weapon gives the officer 21 feet to incapacitate a suspect at a safe distance. However the main concern is to ensure that officers do not become over zealous with this weapon and causes serious injury or death to the civilian population. The public is seeing and hearing more and more of police officers misusing this new weapon instead of using it when all other alternatives have failed. The aspect of the misuse is when officers use the technology on children under 18 years of age, elderly, and handicap persons; and on regular citizen who are not showing a violent nature toward the officer. Anonymous (2009) indicated that the Nevada Legislature is proposing a bill that all tasers issued to law enforcement be equipped with a camera. The bill will also include that the use of the taser is only to be used on people who have committed a felony, or who endanger themselves or others. The U. S. Supreme Count has three rules to justify the use of a taser; the severity of the crime, whether the suspect posed a serious threat to the officer, and whether the suspect was evading or resisting arrest (Rubin Winton, 2009, p 3). These rules were put in place from previous cases because the stun gun dispenses a measurable level of force. According to Farrell (2009) The California Federal Court has ruled that a California police officer was not immune from civil litigation resulting from questionable use of the controversial weapon. So, therefore, civil remedies are established This ruling was set after a Coronado police officer used his taser on a motorist after stopping him for not wearing a seat belt Although the driver showed irrational behavior the officer should have used more intrusive means to take control of the situation. This non lethal weapon needs to be classified in the same way that the officers firearm, pepper spray, and nightstick. Each one of the weapons has rules that guide the officer when the weapon needs to be used; these rules should apply to the taser. Taser International Inc. has developed a data port download kit that helps law enforcement officers to have accurate documentation on the use of the taser by their officers by recording the date and time when the officer fired the taser. They also have the camera attachment that records images and voice for the officer can use this data if accused of misuse. (Rose, 2007), these new attachments my not be affordable for some of the smaller departments, and the officers may believe it is not necessary to have because of confidence that their department policy will protect them from litigation. The International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), and Police Executive Research Forum (PERF) provided guide lines for the increasing police use of the weapon and the concern of risks and liability. These organizations have developed these guidelines to help the police departments development policies, procedures, and training curricula (Rose, 2007). (See the nine strategies in the Appendix). Each of the nine strategies help address issues that will affect the use of tasers by law enforcement officers. These strategies put emphases on training, testing, and safety for the public. The IACP recommends when a police department plans to acquire electronic defense weapons that they should form a leadership team comprised of management, training, policy, field, and budget staff. The team should additionally include members of the community and media representatives; legal counsel, medical practitioners and representatives of the governing or oversight body (Rose, 2007). The team will help to assess any issue that may arise in the acquisition of the cost, training, liability and evaluation. The taser should be placed in the use of force continuum with guidelines for police officers on the degree of force that is appropriate when responding to the subject (Rose, 2007). A leadership team within a police department will be able to help the individual police officers to remain up to date on new training procedures, new laws created on the use of tasers, and medical training in case of a medical emergency. The leadership team would be able to review each case when a taser is discharged and to give recommendations of whether the officer needs additional training or if the officer was within the department policy. The leadership team would be able to make a fair assignment on the cost and benefit of the police department having tasers as their secondary defense weapon. The police department and the officers need to be held accountable for the uses of electronic defense devices. Each police officer should be given clearly defined rules and protocols, and relevant and reliable information about the new technology. The police department additionally should gain public acceptance of the new weapons and should implement a community outreach program to inform the people of their community. The community members should be informed of the tasers capability and its effective goal as an alternative of deadly force, the benefit of its cost, and the goal to reduce officer and suspect injury. All police officers should have some emergency medical training to be a first responder in case a suspect has medical problems after being struck by the taser, and in the removal of the darts form sensitive areas. A medically trained officer could provide any medical attention such a CPR, monitoring the suspect while in custody, and assist in transporting the victim to the nearest hospital or clinic. Conclusion In conclusion, although the taser has been developed as a defense weapon many police officers have made it their primary weapon of choice and use it inappropriately. The misuse of the weapon has the public and the media concerned about whether or not the attitude of todays police officers are serving and protecting the public properly. or are officers using this new defensive weapon to punish people who break the law and who are non-violent just to show them use is in charge. This type of behavior from police officers are causing a lot of concern not only from the communities they serve, but also from the manufacturers that have developed and supply these less-than-lethal weapons to law enforcement agencies. The International Association of Chiefs of Police and the Police Executive Research Forum have produce guidelines for the law enforcement agencies to follow when a police department decides to add the tasers to their non lethal weapon storehouse. References Adams, K., Jennison, V.'(2007). What we do not know about police use of Tasers(TM).Policing,30(3),447-465. Amnesty International, (2004a). Concerns about Taser users. Amnesty International Continuing Concerns about Taser Use. http:www.amnestyusa.org/print.php. Amnesty International, (2004b). Excessive and lethal force. Deaths and Ill-treatment Involving Police use of Tasers. http:www.amnestyusa.org/print.php. Anonymous, (2009,October).Use of Force: Are cameras on Tasers on the horizon? Law Enforcement Delong, G., Thompson, L. (2009). The application and use of tasers by a Midwestern police agency. International Journal of Police Science Management, 11 (4), 414-428. Farrell, B. M. (2009,December30). Federal court in California limits police use of Tasers: The appeals court ruling could raise the bar for when the electric stun-guns can be deployed. Local police departments said the ruling puts officers lives in danger. The Christian Science Monitor. ProQuest document ID: 1930343011, Griffin, D., Fitzpatrick, D. (2008, July 22). Man Dies after Cop Hits Him with Taser 9 Times. http://www.cnn.com/2008/CRIME/07/22/taser.death/?iref=mpstoryview. Lee,B.,Vittinghoff,E.,Whiteman,D.,Park,M.,Lau,L.,Tseng,Z. (2009). Relation of Taser (Electrical Stun Gun) deployment to increase in in-custody sudden deaths.The American Journal of Cardiology,103(6),877-880. MacDonald, J., Kaminski, R., Smith, M. (2009). The effect of non-lethal weapons on injuries in police use-of-force events. American Journal of Public Health, 99 (22), 2268-2274 Patton, A. V. (2009,September). Merced police used Taser on unarmed, legless man in a wheelchair.McClatchy Tribune Business New. Pg. 1-7 Rose, V., (2007, January). Taser use guidelines, liability (law): Police department weapons liability, legal, police. OLR Research Report. Retrieved on 18, April 2010. Rubin, J Winton, R. (2009, December 30). Federal court restricts police taser use; the ruling allowing a man to sue officer for his injuriesmay spur agencies to rewrite use- of- force policies. Los Angeles Times. Pg. A. 3

Alcoholism - No Easy Solution Essay examples -- Argumentative Persuasi

Alcoholism - No Easy Solution Mike Brake’s â€Å"Needed: A License to Drink† is a well-written essay that covers the serious issue of alcoholism and goes on to offer a creative proposal to solve the situation. Brake addresses alcoholism as a â€Å"primary public health-problem† which holds merit, considering Brake sites alcohol is the cause of 19,000 auto fatalities each year. To remedy these preventable fatalities, Brake proposes to institute a national system of licensing with appropriate penalties for violators. He goes on to say that these licenses should be issued the same way as driver’s licenses. An applicant would have to read a manual, and take a written exam which would include questions such as â€Å"How many drinks would it take to intoxicate a 150lb man?† and â€Å"What is the penalty for drunk driving?† After passing the written test applicants would be issued a drinking license that would be required for buying any alcoholic drink. Brake bases his credibility on the tragic premature loss of four family members due to alcoholism which he refers to as a â€Å"deadly disease† (Brake 135). And although it would never be acceptable to wish such terror on anyone, the misfortune is not enough to qualify a person as an expert. Brake presents strong family values and plays into the reader’s compassion for loved ones. Brake also spent two years working as a counselor in a chemical-dependency treatment center, where he gained first hand experience working with a young man who passed out while smoking and a nurse who lost her license and became a prostitute. However he mistakenly forgets the patient explanation as to why a young man who passed out while smoking and a nurse who turned prostitute, is relevant to the problem of alcoholism. If ... ... can not present a legitimate argument, second alcoholism is not a disease and so each person must find it in themselves to stop, or they have family that really loves them and help them stop. Third it would cause more problems then it is solving, and finally it would cost the general public more money then it is worth. Works Cited. Brake, Mike. "Needed: A License to Drink." The Genre of Argument. Ed. Rosenberg. Boston, MA: Thomson Heinle, March 14, 1994. 135-136. Falcone, Timothy J. "Alcoholism and Drug Addiction FAQ's Saint Jude Retreat House. 19 April 2004. Online. Internet. 19 April 2004. Available: http://www.soberforever.net/FAQ1.cfm. "National Highway Traffic Saftey Administration." Operating Administrations, U.S. DOT FY 2005 Budget in Brief. 19 April 2004. Online. Internet. 19 April 2004. Available: http://www.dot.gov/bib2005/admins.html#nhtsa.